The main sources of employment law and labour law vary depending on the country and the type of industry. Some countries have a federal system where the central government and the state or provincial governments share the power to enact and enforce labour laws. Other countries have a unitary system where the central government has exclusive authority over labour matters. In addition, some countries have special laws for certain sectors or categories of workers, such as public servants, domestic workers, agricultural workers, or migrant workers.

The types of workers protected by employment law and labour law also differ depending on the country and the nature of work. Generally, employment law applies to all workers who have an employment relationship with an employer, regardless of their status, contract, or remuneration. However, some workers may be excluded from certain protections or entitlements based on their level of skill, responsibility, or autonomy. For example, managerial or supervisory employees may not be covered by minimum wage laws or overtime regulations. Similarly, independent contractors or self-employed workers may not be eligible for social security benefits or collective bargaining rights.

Employment law and labour law aim to balance the interests of employers and employees in a fair and equitable manner. They also seek to promote decent work and social justice for all workers. Employment law and labour law provide various rights and obligations for both parties in the employment relationship, such as:

• The right to form and join trade unions and to bargain collectively.
• The right to equal treatment and non-discrimination on grounds such as race, gender, age, disability, religion, or political opinion.
• The right to fair wages and benefits that meet the minimum standards set by law or collective agreements.
• The right to safe and healthy working conditions that prevent occupational hazards and diseases.
• The right to reasonable working hours and rest periods that respect the physical and mental well-being of workers.
• The right to privacy and protection of personal data that relate to the employment relationship.
• The right to freedom of expression and association that allow workers to voice their opinions and concerns.
• The right to due process and access to justice that guarantee fair and impartial resolution of disputes between employers and employees.
• The obligation to perform work diligently and faithfully according to the terms and conditions of employment.
• The obligation to respect the rules and policies of the employer that are lawful and reasonable.
• The obligation to cooperate with the employer and other workers in maintaining good industrial relations and productivity.
• The obligation to refrain from engaging in any conduct that may harm the employer's reputation or interests.

Employment law and labour law are dynamic and evolving fields of law that respond to the changing needs and challenges of the world of work. They are influenced by various factors such as economic development, technological innovation, social movements, international standards, and human rights principles. Employment law and labour law aim to create a legal framework that supports decent work for all workers in a globalized economy.